? ? ? 專升本中英語(yǔ)是必考的。在英語(yǔ)學(xué)科中,時(shí)態(tài)無(wú)疑是最重要的語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容,學(xué)好時(shí)態(tài)基本就拿下了語(yǔ)法的半壁江山。庫(kù)課小編接著為大家整理專升本英語(yǔ)的重難點(diǎn),2023年參加專升本考試的同學(xué)可以提前記背下。
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+be+doing+其它
4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+be+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。eg:①Are you feeling good today?你今天感覺如何?②He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念:表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 主語(yǔ)+was / were+doing+其它
4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not+doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫)eg:①At that time she was working in a company. 那段時(shí)間她在一家公司工作。②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí),我正在讀報(bào)紙。
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1.概念:過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段,recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+have / has+過(guò)去分詞+其它
4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+have / has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:have 或 has 放句首。eg:①I've written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過(guò)去的幾年,農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
過(guò)去完成時(shí)
1.概念:過(guò)去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):had+done.
4.否定形式:had+not+done.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:had 放于句首。
6.用法:
(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中。eg:She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來(lái)沒有去過(guò)巴黎。
(2)在過(guò)去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先,用過(guò)去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。eg:When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí),小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/span>
(3)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示"原本…,未能…"。eg:①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來(lái),但是你沒有來(lái)。②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。(注意:had hardly… when... 剛......就......)③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車,轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了。(注意:had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……)